Overview
What pool and spa electrical work actually covers.
Pool and hot tub electrical is its own discipline. A backyard spa or an in-ground pool needs a dedicated circuit sized to the equipment nameplate, a GFCI device protecting it, a disconnecting means placed where code requires it relative to the water, and - the part homeowners rarely hear about until we bring it up - a bonding system that ties every conductive part of the pool area together.
Most of the calls we take here are one of three jobs. A hot tub is being delivered to a patio or deck and needs a 240 volt circuit run, a GFCI spa panel set, and the tub bonded. A pool is being built and the equipment pad needs power for the pump, heater, salt cell, lights, and automation, with the bonding grid installed before concrete goes down. Or an existing pool is getting new equipment and the wiring underneath it turns out to be older than the equipment it feeds.
We treat this category with more weight than most residential work, and we will say why plainly: the shock hazard around water is not theoretical. A person standing in a pool is barefoot, wet, and in contact with a large conductive surface, which removes nearly every margin the human body normally has. That is the entire reason the code devotes a whole article to pools, spas, and fountains, and it is why we do not cut a corner on this job even when a shortcut would be faster and cheaper for everyone involved.